Shaaha madow, oo loo yaqaan dhadhan qani ah iyo dhadhan adag, waa cabitaan caan ah oo ay ku raaxaystaan malaayiin adduunka ah.Mid ka mid ah dhinacyada xiisaha leh ee shaaha madow waa midabkiisa casaanka ah ee gaarka ah marka la karsado.Maqaalkani waxa uu ujeedkiisu yahay in uu sahamiyo sababaha sayniska ee ka dambeeya midabka cas ee shaaha madow, isaga oo iftiiminaya hababka kiimikada ee ka qaybqaata dhacdadan.
Midabka cas ee shaaha madow waxaa loo aaneyn karaa joogitaanka xayndaabyo gaar ah oo ku dhaca isbeddel kiimikaad inta lagu jiro habka shaaha.Iskudhisyada asaasiga ah ee ka masuulka ah midabka cas waa thearubigins iyo theaflavins, kuwaas oo lagu sameeyay oksaydhka shaaha polyphenols inta lagu jiro habka halsano ama oksaydhka ee shaaha madow uu maraayo.
Inta lagu jiro soo saarista shaaha madow, caleemaha shaaha waxaa lagu sameeyaa habab isdaba joog ah, oo ay ku jiraan engegan, rogaal-celinta, oksaydhka, iyo qallajinta.Waa inta lagu jiro marxaladda oksaydheynta in polyphenols shaaha, gaar ahaan catechins, ay maraan oxidation enzymatic, taasoo horseedaysa sameynta thearubigins iyotheaflavins.Iskudhisyadani waxay mas'uul ka yihiin midabka cas ee hodanka ah iyo dhadhanka sifaha shaaha madow.
Thearubigins, gaar ahaan, waa xeryahooda waaweyn ee polyphenolic kuwaas oo midab casaan-brown ah.Waxay ku abuurmeen polymerization of catechin iyo flavonoids kale oo ku jira caleemaha shaaha.Theaflavins, dhanka kale, waa xeryahooda polyphenolic ka yar kuwaas oo sidoo kale gacan ka geysta midabka cas ee shaaha madow.
Midabka cas ee shaaha madow waxaa sii xoojisay joogitaanka anthocyanins, kuwaas oo ah midabada biyaha ku milma ee laga helo geedaha shaaha qaarkood.Midabkani waxay siin karaan midab guduudan shaaha la karkariyey, iyagoo ku daraya muuqaalkiisa midabka guud.
Marka lagu daro isbeddelada kiimikaad ee dhaca xilliga shaaha, arrimo ay ka mid yihiin noocyada kala duwan ee geedka shaaha, xaaladaha sii kordhaya, iyo farsamooyinka farsamaynta ayaa sidoo kale saameyn ku yeelan kara midabka cas ee shaaha madow.Tusaale ahaan, heerka oksaydhisku, muddada halsano, iyo heerkulka caleenta shaaha lagu warshadeeyay waxay saameyn ku yeelan karaan midabka ugu dambeeya ee shaaha la karkariyey.
Gebogebadii, midabka cas ee shaaha madow waa natiijada isdhexgalka kakan ee xeryahooda kiimikada iyo hababka ku lug leh wax soo saarkeeda.Thearubigins, theaflavins, iyo anthocyanins ayaa ah kuwa ugu muhiimsan ee gacan ka geysta midabka cas ee shaaha madow, iyada oo samayntooda iyo isdhexgalka inta lagu jiro diyaarinta shaaha taasoo keenaysa midabka iyo dhadhanka cabitaankan la jecel yahay.
Tixraacyo:
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Jilani T, Iqbal M, Nadeem M, et al.Habka shaaha madow iyo tayada shaaha madow.J Food Sci Technol.2018;55 (11): 4109-4118.
Jumtee K, Komura H.J Biosci Bioeng.2011;111 (3): 255-260.
Komes D, Horžić D, Belščak-Cvitanović A, iyo al.Halabuurka phenolic iyo sifooyinka antioxidant ee qaar ka mid ah dhirta daawaynta ee dhaqan ahaan loo isticmaalo oo ay saamaysay wakhtiga soo saarista iyo biyo-saarka.Phytochem dabada.2011;22 (2): 172-180.
Waqtiga boostada: Meey-09-2024
